UDC: 343.63
BBC: 67.408
Latypova E.Yu., Kirpichnikov D.V.
Criminal Liability for Executing Works or Providing Services in the Light of the Resolution of Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation Dated June, 25 2019 № 18 «About Court Practice on Crimes Provided by Article 238 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation»
Keywords: executing works or rendering services, the principle of justice, formal and material components of the crime, possession for the purpose of sale and selling goods and products that do not meet the requirements for safety of consumers' life and health
The study examined a new resolution of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation, revealing the specifics of judicial practice in cases on crimes stipulated in article 238 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation ("Production, possessing, transportation or sale of goods and products, performance of works or providing services that do not meet security requirements"). The controversial points of this Resolution are identified as well as the ways to solve them are proposed. The legal position of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation establishes the need to adhere to the principle of legal equality and, among other things, unambiguity of consistency and legal norms in the construction of legal norms. But, unfortunately, these provisions are often violated by the legislator himself. Thus, when formulating the provisions of article 238 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, there is a certain legal uncertainty, which is reflected in unstable judicial practice. In particular, the formulation of part 1 of article 238 of the Criminal Code according to the type of the formal body of the crime results in the fact that perpetrators of the acts of non-great pubic danger are charged with a criminal offence (examples of such court judgments are given in this article). From all the above, an assumption is made that it is necessary to formulate part 1 of article 238 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation by the type of materially defined crime, indicating the need for a certain severity degree of harm or damage. There is also uncertainty about the subject matter of the crime foreseen in article 238 of the Criminal Code, in particular, due to the lack of indication to substandard work, products, goods and services. It is pointed out that there is no uniform legal interpretation of the term "substandard", which has a high degree of subjective evaluation, and can potentially lead to the possibility of judicial or expert discretion, which reduces the degree of objectivity of the decision.
References
- Beletskiy I.A. Ugolovnaya otvetstvennost za narushenie pravil bezopasnosti pri proizvodstve rabot ili okazanii uslug: … dis. kand. yurid. nauk [Criminal liability for violation of safety rules in the production of works or provision of services. Abstract of Cand. Diss.]. Omsk, 2017, 23 p.
- Burlakov V.N., Schepelkov V.F., Olennikov S.M., Pryahina N.I., Skorobogatko P. Ohrana zdorovya naseleniya v sfere tovarnogo ryinka: ugolovno-pravovyie i kriminologicheskie voprosyi [Protection of public health in the sphere of the commodity market: criminal law and criminological issues]. Vserossiyskiy kriminologicheskiy zhurnal, 2018, vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 178–189.
- Kapinus O.S. Kriminalizatsiya i dekriminalizatsiya deyaniy: poisk optimalnogo balansa. [Criminalization and decriminalization of acts: finding the optimal balance]. Obschestvennyie nauki i sovremennost, 2018, no. 4, pp. 37–46.
- Kiryushkin M.V. Problemyi kvalifikatsii prodazhi produktov pitaniya s istekshim srokom godnosti [Problems of qualification of sale of food products with expired shelf life]. Rossiyskiy yuridicheskiy zhurnal, 2010, no. 1(70), pp. 152–156.
- Klyuchevskaya N. Prezident RF Vladimir Putin podderzhal ideyu gumanizatsii ugolovnogo zakonodatelstva [Russian President Vladimir Putin supported the idea of humanizing criminal legislation]. Available at: http://www.garant.ru/news/674379.
- Kravchenko R.M. Ugolovno-pravovoe soderzhanie ponyatiya «usluga, ne otvechayuschaya trebovaniyam bezopasnosti» [Criminal-legal content of the concept “service that does not meet security requirements]. Kriminalist, 2016, no. 1(18), pp. 113–116.
- Latypova E.Yu. Ugolovnaya otvetstvennost za narushenie bezopasnosti provedeniya dosuga v formate kvesta [Criminal liability for breach of security activities in the format of a quest]. In: Pravovoe regulirovanie kulturno-dosugovyih otnosheniy i sportivnoy deyatelnosti v kontekste obschestvennyih i nravstvennyih tsennostey: sovremennoe sostoyanie i mirovyie tendentsii: sbornik materialov Mezhdunarodnoy nauchno-prakticheskoy konferentsii [Proc. of Int. Sci. Conf. «Legal regulation of cultural relations and sporting activities in the context of social and moral values: current status and global trends»]. Cheboksary, 2019, pp. 314–319.
- Mosalov G., Rumyantseva A., Poletaeva P. «Gumanizatsiya ugolovnogo zakonodatelstva» Putin predlozhil chastichno dekriminalizirovat 282-yu statyu UK RF [«Humanization of criminal law» Putin proposed to partially decriminalize article 282 of the criminal code of the Russian Federation]. Available at: https://russian.rt.com/russia/article/560492-putin-zakon-dekriminalizaciya.
- Musina R.R. K voprosu o sub’ekte sostava proizvodstva, hraneniya, perevozki libo sbyita tovarov i produktsii, vyipolneniya rabot ili okazaniya uslug, ne otvechayuschih trebovaniyam bezopasnosti (ch. 1 st. 138 UK RF) [On the subject of the composition of production, storage, transportation or sale of goods and products, performance of works or provision of services that do not meet safety requirements (part 1 of article 138 of the criminal code)]. Sledovatel, 2010, no. 6, p. 70.
- Pikurov N.I. Razreshenie konkurentsii pravovyih norm v postanovlenii Plenuma Verhovnogo Suda RF ot 25.06.2019 goda № 18 «O sudebnoy praktike po delam o prestupleniyah, predusmotrennyih statey 238 UK RF» [Resolution of competition law in the resolution of Plenum of the Supreme Court of 25.06.2019, № 18 «About court practice on Affairs about the crimes provided by article 238 of the criminal code»]. Vestnik Universiteta prokuraturyi Rossiyskoy Federatsii, 2019, no. 5(73), pp. 90–99.
- Pudovochkin Yu.E. Uchenie o prestuplenii: Izbrannyie lektsii. 2-e izd-e, ispr. i dop. [The Doctrine of crime: Selected lectures. 2nd]. Moscow, Yurlitinform Publ., 2010, 276 p.
- Sokolov M.A., Sharafetdinova G.A. Ugolovno-pravovyie aspektyi zaschityi prav passazhirov na bezopasnost ih perevozki [Criminal-legal aspects of protection of passengers ‘ rights to the safety of their transportation]. Vestnik Universiteta prokuraturyi Rossiyskoy Federatsii, 2019, no. 4(72), pp. 88–92.
- Stepanenko D.A., Lipunova E.A. O praktike vyiyavleniya i rassledovaniya prestupleniy ob okazanii uslug po perevozke passazhirov vozdushnyim transportom, ne otvechayuschih trebovaniyam bezopasnosti [On the practice of detecting and investigating crimes on the provision of services for the transportation of passengers by air transport that do not meet safety requirements]. Sibirskie ugolovno-protsessualnyie i kriminalisticheskie chteniya, 2017, no. 4(18), pp. 329–342.
- Suhanov A.V. Proizvodstvo, hranenie, perevozka libo sbyit tovarov i produktsii, vyipolnenie rabot ili okazanie uslug, ne otvechayuschih trebovaniyam bezopasnosti: ugolovno-pravovyie aspektyi: avtoref. diss. … kand. yurid. nauk [Production, storage, transportation or sale of goods and products, performance of works or provision of services that do not meet safety requirements: criminal legal aspects. Abstract of Cand. Diss.]. Krasnodar, 2014, 34 p.
- Kropachev N.M., Volzhenkin V., eds. Ugolovnoe pravo Rossii. Obschaya chast [Russian criminal law. Common part]. St.Petersburg, 2006, 1064 p.
- Hromov E.V. Problemyi kvalifikatsii deyaniy po st. 238 UK RF [Problems of qualification of acts under article 238 of the criminal code of the Russian Federation], Aktualnyie problemyi rossiyskogo prava. [Actual problems of Russian law], 2016, № 11, (72), pp. 134 – 141.
- Chub I.S. Proizvodstvo, hranenie, perevozka libo sbyit tovarov i produktsii, vyipolnenie rabot ili okazanie uslug, ne otvechayuschih trebovaniyam bezopasnosti: problemyi zakonodatelnogo opisaniya i differentsiatsii ugolovnoy otvetstvennosti. [Production, storage, transportation or sale of goods and products, performance of works or provision of services that do not meet safety requirements: problems of legislative description and differentiation of criminal liability], Rostov-na-Donu, 2011, 22 p.
- Schepelkov V.F., Olennikov S.M., Skorobogatko Ya.P. Analiz sudebno-sledstvennoy praktiki primeneniya stati 238 UK RF (Proizvodstvo, hranenie, perevozka libo sbyit tovarov i produktsii, vyipolnenie rabot ili okazanie uslug, ne otvechayuschih trebovaniyam bezopasnosti» [Analysis of judicial-investigatory practice of application of article 238 of the criminal code (Production, storage, transportation or sale of the goods and production, performance of works or rendering services not meeting safety requirements”], http://pravoprim.spbu.ru/yurisprudentsiya/zashchita-prav-grazhdan/item/427.
About authors
- Latypova Elvira Yu.
- Candidate of Law Sciences, Associate Professor, Head of Criminal Law and Procedure Department, Kazan Innovative University named after V.G. Timiryasov (IEML), Russia, Kazan (elatypova@ieml.ru; ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7390-4962)
- Kirpichnikov Danila V.
- Student, Kazan Innovative University named after V.G. Timiryasov (IEML), Russia, Kazan (danila667@outlook.com; )
Article link
Latypova E.Yu., Kirpichnikov D.V. Criminal Liability for Executing Works or Providing Services in the Light of the Resolution of Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation Dated June, 25 2019 № 18 «About Court Practice on Crimes Provided by Article 238 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation» [Electronic resource] // Oeconomia et Jus. – 2020. – №2. P. 76-88. – URL: https://oecomia-et-jus.ru/en/single/2020/2/9/. DOI: 10.47026/2499-9636-2020-2-76-88.
